EVOLUTION OF LIFE
The theories explained how life must have originated on early primitive earth about 3.5 billion years ago, but it did not give any information about how the biological diversity arose. Again, there were different views about how this must have happened.
Some of the dominant thoughts were: (i) Greek Theories (ii) Pre-modern Theories and (iii) Modern Theories.
Among the Modern Theories, the following two are most popular.
Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics
This theory was proposed by famous French naturalist Jean Baptiste Lamarck. It propounded that the characters were acquired by the organisms due to an “inner need” or “desire” of the organism and these acquired characters were then inherited. This theory was subsequently rejected.
Theory of Natural Selection
Charles Darwin, who is better known as the “Father of Evolution” was the architect of this world famous theory, which charmed both the scientists as well as laymen. This theory took shape when Darwin was aboard H.M.S. Beagle, the famous ship, for a voyage planned for world exploration.According to him, the struggle for existence, due to limited availability of resources, led to the survival of the fittest or natural selection
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